Major? Not really. One element of the show does play a part in the movie, but it's not a big deal. If you watch the show, you'll just be able to say, "Oh, so THAT'S where he got THAT from," near the end of the movie, but not seeing the related episode doesn't detract from it at all.
It was really excellent. Way better than Agents of Shield and Agent Carter (though I do like both of those anyway, even if they aren't amazing). Daredevil is easily the best superhero show I've ever seen. The fight choreography is so good that the fights don't have that fake "staged" look that a lot of movies and TV shows have. They look like real fights.
Yep, there's going to be a few more series coming, and they'll all be on Netflix. Jessica Jones, Luke Cage, and Iron Fist will all be getting shows. There will also be a team-up series featuring them, along with Daredevil, called The Defenders.