So I need to answer these 5 questions. Any help, sources or answers, is appreciated. I don't even know where to begin. 
1. In the 1940s, some physicians prescribed low doses of a drug called dinitrophenol (DNP) to help patients lose weight. This unsafe method was abandoned after a few patients died. DNP uncouples the chemiosmotic machinery by making the lipid bilayer of the inner mitochondrial membrane leaky to H+. Explain how this causes weight loss.
2. CO2 in the atmosphere traps heat and warms the air, just as clear glass does in a greenhouse. Most scientists believe that the CO2 added to the air by the burning of wood and fossil fuels by humans is contributing to a dangerous rise in global temperature. Tropical rain forests are estimated to be responsible for more than 20% of global photosynthesis. It seems reasonable to expect that the lush growth of jungle foliage would reduce global warming by consuming large amounts of CO2, but many experts now believe that rain forests make little or no net contribution to reduction of global warming. Why might this be? (Hint: What happens to the food produced by a rain forest tree when it is eaten by animals or the tree dies?)
3. A biologist inserts a gene from a human liver cell into the chromosome of a bacterium. The bacterium then transcribes this gene into mRNA and translates the mRNA into protein. The protein produced is useless and is found to contain many more amino acids than does the protein made by the eukaryotic cell. Explain why.
4. Over the past half century, there has been a trend in the United States and other developed countries for people to marry and start families later in life than did their parents and grandparents. Speculate on the effects this trend may have on the incidence (frequency) of late-acting dominant lethal alleles in the population.
5. Wildflowers may be used to illustrate the Hardy-Weinberg theorem. The frequency of R, the dominant allele for red flowers, is 0.8, and the frequency of r, the recessive allele for white flowers, is 0.2. In one starting population, the frequencies of genotypes do not conform to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium: 60% of the plants are RR and 40% of the plants are Rr. (At this point, the population has no plants with white flowers.) Assuming that all conditions for the Hardy-Weinberg theorem are met, prove that genotypes will reach equilibrium in the next generation.
1. In the 1940s, some physicians prescribed low doses of a drug called dinitrophenol (DNP) to help patients lose weight. This unsafe method was abandoned after a few patients died. DNP uncouples the chemiosmotic machinery by making the lipid bilayer of the inner mitochondrial membrane leaky to H+. Explain how this causes weight loss.
2. CO2 in the atmosphere traps heat and warms the air, just as clear glass does in a greenhouse. Most scientists believe that the CO2 added to the air by the burning of wood and fossil fuels by humans is contributing to a dangerous rise in global temperature. Tropical rain forests are estimated to be responsible for more than 20% of global photosynthesis. It seems reasonable to expect that the lush growth of jungle foliage would reduce global warming by consuming large amounts of CO2, but many experts now believe that rain forests make little or no net contribution to reduction of global warming. Why might this be? (Hint: What happens to the food produced by a rain forest tree when it is eaten by animals or the tree dies?)
3. A biologist inserts a gene from a human liver cell into the chromosome of a bacterium. The bacterium then transcribes this gene into mRNA and translates the mRNA into protein. The protein produced is useless and is found to contain many more amino acids than does the protein made by the eukaryotic cell. Explain why.
4. Over the past half century, there has been a trend in the United States and other developed countries for people to marry and start families later in life than did their parents and grandparents. Speculate on the effects this trend may have on the incidence (frequency) of late-acting dominant lethal alleles in the population.
5. Wildflowers may be used to illustrate the Hardy-Weinberg theorem. The frequency of R, the dominant allele for red flowers, is 0.8, and the frequency of r, the recessive allele for white flowers, is 0.2. In one starting population, the frequencies of genotypes do not conform to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium: 60% of the plants are RR and 40% of the plants are Rr. (At this point, the population has no plants with white flowers.) Assuming that all conditions for the Hardy-Weinberg theorem are met, prove that genotypes will reach equilibrium in the next generation.
