[quote name='electrictroy']And finally the Eskimos: I asked for examples of *successful* societies. I don't consider living in -50 degree weather, wearing rotting skins, and dying at age 40 a "success". Can ou show me a successful/civilized society that did not have slave labor? I can not. Egyptians, Greeks, Romans, Medieval Europeans..... all the great societies were built on the backs of slaves. *Even in modern life.* We freed the humans, but we still have slaves: Our machines that we feed with oil/coal are our slaves.
What if oil/coal had never been discovered?
I think human slavery would still be alive.
troy[/QUOTE]
The average Ancient Roman lived for 22 years which is less then the Cro-Magnon's lifespan (which was around the mid 30s). War, small pox, assassination, crucifixion (6000 were crucified after Spartacus's rebellion), there were a million ways you could die no matter what class you came from and each way was crueler then the last. Do you know how many people and animals were sacrificed in a single showing of gladitorial games; at it's height in the capital of Rome the colisseum deaths would have numbered in the thousands. So if quality of life is your issue, it is wise to steer clear of citing the Roman civilization. Likewise for Ancient Greek and especially Mideval European life (Mideval Europe - a place so vile that even Ghenghis Kahn would not step foot in it for fear of being coughed on

)
There are many definitions of success, some would argue that living a basic but content communal existence in intense cold is superior to working or warring yourself to death for the glory of an Imperial ruling class.
The true question is whether all the scientific and artistic advancements made by civilizations such as that of the Romans required slavery. Given that slaves were often rebellious and worked less because they were resentful of their position in society, it could well be that if slavery had been replaced with second-class citizenship it would have resulted in a net gain of societal output. Just because almost every artistic and scientifically advanced civilization until now has had slavery does not mean that slavery was necessary or even a contributing factor to their success.
It is silly to compare machines to slaves - machines have been used throughout history, they are not a new development of the 20th century. A better arguement would be that our technology has improved to the point where we no longer require slavery to be a "successful" civilization - yet if slavery is examined from a purely pragmatic perspective I still think that it has caused more problems for civilization then it has solved.