[quote name='dafoomie']There are buildings that require more power than a simple residence. We're talking about powering a major city. And you're still landfilling batteries per residence * residences every few years. I'm sure in a perfect world everyone will recycle but even with a mandatory program, with the high volume of batteries you're dealing with, you're still going to see a lot of heavy metals dumped into landfills. [/quote]
If we're talking about a 10 story apartment building or an energy intensive manufacturing business, you're right. A solar panel roof won't power much more than a 2-4 family residence. It depends on which is more likely.
Regarding the landfill waste, I'm just not seeing it. We're not talking camera batteries. The batteries necessary to store 14 KWh of power would weigh over 700 kg if we're talking lead acid. That's too heavy to toss out with the trash. If you put a decent core charge or make it illegal or very difficult to buy replacement batteries without an old battery, people won't dispose of the batteries improperly.
[quote name='dafoomie']
To answer both of those questions, as I've mentioned before, breeder reactors go a long way towards solving both problems. We'd have enough fuel to last ~200,000 years with them, or 2000 years with conventional reactors. Since these breeder reactors recycle spent fuel, waste is reduced, and the radioactivity of the waste is reduced in both intensity and duration. It would not be all that difficult to store it somewhere for the decades required. Japan and France use this for the vast majority of their power needs, and I haven't seen any green glowing surrender monkeys yet.
Also, reactors run 24/7/365. Solar panels run 8-12 hours a day under optimal (sunny) conditions. Even if there is a breakthrough in solar technology, you're still looking at hundreds of square miles of solar panels to equal one nuke plant.[/quote]
I don't know enough about breeder reactors, but I know a little more about others. If their power outputs are much greater than what I'm about to list, my example won't work.
http://www.ameren.com/aboutus/ADC_AU_CallawayGuide.asp
The nuclear plant above generates 1,200,000 kWh when running. That's 28,800,000 kWh per day.
A square meter of solar panel can collect 800 - 2400 Wh per day (10-20% efficiency and 8-12 hours of sunshine).
28,800,000,000 divided by 800 or 2400 is 36,000,000 or 12,000,000 square meters. That's a square with a side of ~3500-6000 meters or ~3.5-6km. I'm pretty sure that won't convert to hundreds of square miles, but it is one huge solar panel.
Of course, we don't have to have just one large solar panel.
Callaway provides power for at least 500,000 people.
28,800,000 kWh divided by 500,000 people is 57.6 kWh used per person per day.
Assuming these people live in homes families of 4, they would require 250 kWh per day to live comfortably. (As an aside, my highest electric bill for my family of four was 3000 kWh used in a month. Dead of a cold winter with baseboard heaters.)
250 kWh divided by 800 Wh per square meter per day equals 312.5 square meters of solar panels needed per day.
That's a square with an edge of ~17.7 meters or ~59 feet. That's a house with a ~3500 square foot roof. Way too big!
However, the 2400 Wh example reduces the size of the roof to less than 1200 square feet. (My last house was 1400 square feet.)